SAN DIEGO — ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence tool that can provide headache information, makes significant errors regarding migraine drug treatments but does better when it comes to nonpharmacologic therapies, an assessment by headache specialists showed.
These specialists rated the ChatGPT answers on a Likert scale from 1 to 5 in completeness, accuracy, and helpfulness. The raters noted ChatGPT also recommended some inappropriate treatment options, such as opioids and migraine surgeryThey also noticed the tool inaccurately claimed Cefaly requires a prescription when external trigeminal nerve stimulation is available over the counter. ChatGPT also failed to note potential health risks for migraine treatments during pregnancy, including feverfew, a plant containing compounds believed to help treat or prevent inflammatory conditions.
Riggins noted the importance of understanding the capabilities and limitations of AI in medicine."We're aware of AI 'hallucinations,' when it doesn't provide correct information, but we also understand that the use of technology can be extremely important in medicine, even lifesaving." "For example, if Maia answered that Cefaly needed a prescription, which is false, she received a low score, and if she answered correctly that it didn't, she would receive a high score," said Bonakdar.
"These findings are key because we know education on its own can improve migraine status and medication benefits," said Bonakdar.
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