The Quantum Twist: Unveiling the Proton’s Hidden Spin

Researchers have developed a new method that merges experimental data with advanced calculations to explore how gluons contribute to proton spin, revealing complex dynamics and setting the stage for future three-dimensional proton imaging. Credit: SciTechDaily.com

Joseph Karpie, a postdoctoral associate at the Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, led this groundbreaking research.He said that this decades-old mystery began with measurements of the sources of the proton’s spin in 1987. Physicists originally thought that the proton’s building blocks, its quarks, would be the main source of the proton’s spin. But that’s not what they found.

He said this study was inspired by a puzzling result that came from initial experimental measurements of the gluons’ spin. The measurements were made at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, a DOE Office of Science user facility based at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York. The data at first seemed to indicate that the gluons may be contributing to the proton’s spin. They showed a positive result.

Karpie led the work to bring together the data from both groups. He started with the combined data from experiments taken in facilities around the world. He then added the results from the lattice QCD calculation into his analysis.

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