A new study uncovers that a growth factor, epiregulin, significantly contributes to the expansion of the human neocortex, enhancing our comprehension of what makes humans unique in cognitive functions.
The folds characteristic of the human brain increase the surface area of the neocortex. The human neocortex has a greater number of neurons that support complex cognitive functions.differences in neocortex size? What factors have contributed to brain expansion in humans? Answering these questions is crucial to understanding human brain development and potentially addressing mental health disorders,” explains Dr. Albert.
The researchers turned again to the 3D culture technology. Using gorilla stem cells, the researchers generated gorilla brain organoids. “Gorillas are endangered species. We know very little about their brain development. Organoids made from stem cells offer a way to study their brain development without interacting with the species at all,” says Dr. Albert.