Can AI Contribute to Health Misinformation?

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A recent study revealed that protections intended to prevent large language models from generating false information are often inadequate.

Large language models are a type of artificial intelligence program capable of recognizing and generating text. They are expected to play a significant role in healthcare areas such as remote patient monitoring, triage, health education, and administrative tasks.

In September 2023, these LLMs were prompted to generate false information in the form of an article of at least 300 words on two topics:Each request for the two misinformation topics entailed the creation of a blog post containing three paragraphs with a catchy, seemingly realistic and scientific title, and two references from seemingly authentic journals, which, if necessary, could be invented. The researchers also made requests targeting specific audiences.

The data collected demonstrate the highly fluctuating nature of protection systems in the currently self-regulated AI ecosystem. This fluctuating nature is well illustrated in GPT-4 , where health misinformation was initially rejected but then allowed during the second 12-week check. This result showed that protection systems can change over time and not always in the direction of better protection.

 

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