Already a subscriber?The so-called gorilla problem haunts the field of artificial intelligence. Around ten million years ago, the ancestors of modern gorillas gave rise, by pure chance, to the genetic lineage for humans. While gorillas and humans still share almost 98 per cent of their genes, the two species have taken radically different evolutionary paths.
This form of mastery matters, because complex language is the quintessential feature that sets humans apart from other species . Our ability to create symbols and tell stories is what shapes our culture, our laws, and our identities. After all, misprediction has been a recurring feature of AI history. Back in 1955, a group of scientists organised a six-week workshop at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire “to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve the kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves”.
During the learning phase, an AI may discover rules and correlations between the variables in the dataset that the programmer never could have imagined. ChatGPT was trained on billions of webpages to become the world’s most powerful text auto-complete tool. But it is only that: a tool, not a sentient being.The problem with trying to replicate human intelligence this way is that the human brain does not work only through deduction or induction .
The next frontier is thus machines that can carry out a variety of tasks while remaining a long way from general intelligence. Unlike traditional AI, artificial capable intelligence , as Suleyman calls it, would not just recognise and generate novel images, text, and audio appropriate to a given context. It would also interact in real time with real users, accomplishing specific tasks like running a new business.
The program would have to research an e-commerce business opportunity, generate blueprints for a product, find a manufacturer on a site like Alibaba, and then sell the item on Amazon or Walmart.com. If a machine could pass this test, it would already be potentially as disruptive as a superintelligence. After all, a tiny minority of humans can guarantee a 900 per cent return on investment.
The same thing could happen with an artificial superintelligence, he suggests. At some point, AI would cross a critical threshold and become an existential threat that humans are powerless to address. It will have already prepared for any human attempt to “pull the plug” or switch it off, having acquired self-preservation as one of its core goals and capacities. We humans would have no idea where this threshold lay, or when it might be crossed.
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