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This image illustrates the city’s distinctive setting among volcanic features. The greater metropolitan area of San Salvador stretches from the base of theto the west to Lake Ilopango, a volcanic caldera, to the east. The image was acquired by the OLI on Landsat 8 on February 24, 2023.
Abutting the city of San Salvador, the volcano of the same name rises to an elevation of 1,900 meters . When it last erupted, in 1917, it sent acentered at the volcano preceded the eruption by 35 minutes. Other powerful and destructive earthquakes have struck the city, including in 1965, 1986, and 2001. Consequently, few of the city’s older buildings such as its colonial cathedrals remain today.
East of the city, Lake Ilopango is one of El Salvador’s largest lakes and the remnant of a massive eruption dating back to Mayan times. In a, a team of researchers concluded that the caldera-forming eruption occurred around the year 431 C.E. and was 50 times larger than the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. It was previously suspected that, due to its voluminous emissions, the Ilopango eruption was responsible for an anomalously cold decade in the Northern Hemisphere around 540 C.E.
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