The human tongue detects a sixth taste beyond sourness

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The study's lead author, Dr. Emily Liman from the University of Southern California, said that ammonium chloride is a very potent stimulator of OTOP1. "It activates as well or better than acids," she said. "If you live in a Scandinavian country, you will be familiar with and may like this taste." To investigate this, the researchers used lab-grown human cells that expressed OTOP1 and exposed them to acid or ammonium chloride. They measured the electrical responses of the cells and found that both stimuli activated OTOP1. They also used mouse taste cells that either had or lacked OTOP1 and gauged their reactions to ammonium chloride. They found that only the cells with OTOP1 responded to the salt, confirming that it is the critical receptor for this taste.

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