[OPINION] Whose AI Revolution?

In November, the United Kingdom will host a high-profile international summit on the governance of artificial intelligence. With the agenda and list of invitees still being finalized, the biggest decision facing UK officials is whether to invite China or host a more exclusive gathering for the G7 and other countries that want to safeguard liberal democracy as the foundation for a digital society.

But AI also poses societal challenges and risks – hence the growing chorus demanding that governments step in and regulate it. Among other things, AI is expected to transform labor markets in ways that will make many workers redundant and some far more productive, widening existing inequalities and eroding social cohesion. It also will be weaponized by bad actors to commit fraud, deceive people, and spread disinformation.

China also is pursuing ambitious AI regulation, but with authoritarian characteristics. The authorities seek to support AI development without undermining censorship and jeopardizing the Communist Party of China’s monopoly on political power. But this implies a tradeoff, because to maintain social stability, the CPC must restrict content that could be used to train the large language models behind generative AI.

Moreover, an international agreement could help distribute these projected gains more equally across countries. AI development is currently concentrated in a handful of developed economies that are poised to emerge as the clear winners in the global AI race. At the same time, most other countries’ ability to take advantage of AI is limited.

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