Scientists are collaborating across multiple fields to create biocomputers that utilize three-dimensional cultures of brain cells, called brain organoids, as biological hardware. They have outlined their plan for achieving this goal in the scientific journalDespite AI’s impressive track record, its computational power pales in comparison with a human brain.
“We call this new interdisciplinary field ‘organoid intelligence’ ,” said Prof Thomas Hartung of Johns Hopkins University. “A community of top scientists has gathered to develop this technology, which we believe will launch a new era of fast, powerful, and efficient biocomputing.”Brain organoids are a type of lab-grown cell-culture.
“While silicon-based computers are certainly better with numbers, brains are better at learning,” Hartung explained. “For example, AlphaGo [the AI that beat the world’s number one Go player in 2017] was trained on data from 160,000 games. A person would have to play five hours a day for more than 175 years to experience these many games.”
Organoid intelligence: The new frontier in biocomputing infographic. Credit: Frontiers/John Hopkins UniversityAccording to Hartung, current brain organoids need to be scaled-up for OI. “They are too small, each containing about 50,000 cells. For OI, we would need to increase this number to 10 million,” he explained.
The authors envision that eventually, OI would integrate a wide range of stimulation and recording tools. These will orchestrate interactions across networks of interconnected organoids that implement more complex computations.OI’s promise goes beyond computing and into medicine. Thanks to a groundbreaking technique developed by Noble Laureates John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka, brain organoids can be produced from adult tissues.
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