. And, equally significant, researchers are exploring which technologies will have the ability to scale up most efficiently for commercial use.
A qubit, in simplest terms, is a quantum version of a computer bit, which is the smallest unit of data in a computer. Like its classical counterpart, the qubit is encoded with information that can have the value of either one or zero. But unlike the bit, the qubit is able to exploit the concepts of quantum mechanics so that it can perform tasks classical bits cannot.
Mills asserted that in general, silicon spin qubits have advantages over other qubit types."The idea is that every system is going to have to scale up to many qubits," he said."And right now, the other qubit systems have real physical limitations to scalability. Size could be a real problem with these systems. There's only so much space you can cram these things into.
"One of the bottlenecks for the technology of spin qubits is that the two-qubit gate fidelity up until very recently has not been that high," Petta said."It's been well below 90 percent in most experiments."To perform the experiment, the researchers first had to capture a single electron—no small task.
"We have two spins sitting in adjacent sites next to each other," said Petta."By adjusting the voltage on these gates, we can momentarily push the electrons together and cause them to interact. This is called a two-qubit gate."
Princeton ScienceAdvances Shouldn't a quantum computer be a self-organizing material
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